{
    "type": "FeatureCollection",
    "name": "site",
    "crs": {
        "type": "name",
        "properties": {
            "name": "EPSG:4326"
        }
    },
    "features": [
        {
            "type": "Feature",
            "geometry": {
                "type": "Point",
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            "properties": {
                "id": 12,
                "site_uri": "https:\/\/4care-skos.mf.no\/site\/12",
                "modern_name": "Ismant al-\u1e2aar\u0101b",
                "ancient_name": "Kellis",
                "typology": "village",
                "date_from": 50,
                "date_to": 393,
                "dating_criteria": "",
                "place_names": [
                    {
                        "language": "Egyptian",
                        "pl_name": "Qjl.t"
                    },
                    {
                        "language": "Greek",
                        "pl_name": "\u039a\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2"
                    },
                    {
                        "language": "Coptic",
                        "pl_name": "qlle | qhla | qhlh | gwlwle"
                    },
                    {
                        "language": "Arabic",
                        "pl_name": "\u0625\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0628"
                    },
                    {
                        "language": "English",
                        "pl_name": "Ismant el-Kharab | Asmant el-Kharab | Ismant el-Gharab"
                    },
                    {
                        "language": "French",
                        "pl_name": "Asmant el-Kharab | el-Smant el-Kharab | Ismant el-Gharab | Sment el-Kharab | Smint el-Khar\u00e2b"
                    }
                ],
                "trismegistos_uri": "https:\/\/www.trismegistos.org\/place\/2762",
                "pleiades_uri": "https:\/\/pleiades.stoa.org\/places\/776189",
                "paths_uri": "https:\/\/atlas.paths-erc.eu\/places\/114",
                "description": "\"Kellis (modern Ismant al-\u1e2aar\u0101b) is located in the Dakhla Oasis of Upper Egypt, ca.\u00a02.5 km southeast of the village of Ismant and\u00a0ca.\u00a011 km northeast of\u00a0M\u016bt, the capital of the oasis. The site, which is considerably widespread, is surrounded to the south and west \u2013at a certain distance\u2013 by cultivated fields and to the northwest and southeast by dried up canals.Kellis was visited and briefly described by nineteenth- and early twentieth-century travelers. First scientific work at the site commenced in 1981-2, when the Dakhleh Oasis Project carried out a survey and preliminary test trenching in selected areas. In 1986, excavation began on a larger scale, under the direction of Colin A. Hope of Monash University.Archaeologists investigated six different sectors throughout the site, which seems to have been occupied from the Ptolemaic period to the fourth-fifth century CE. An extensive set of buildings, surrounded by enclosure walls, was excavated in the west part of the settlement. The largest and most prominent structure is a stone and mud-brick temple complex dedicated to Tutu, Neith, and Tapshay. A smaller temple, dedicated to Neith and Tapshay, is located at a short distance to the west. Further north from the main temple complex are the remains of a funerary church with associated burials (the so-called West Church; cf. below).In the southern part of the settlement, extensive vestiges of a domestic quarter, divided by a main street running east-west, were brought to light. Among the structures that were surveyed and\/or excavated are five houses, a bathhouse, two churches (the Small and Large East Churches; cf. below), and possibly a\u00a0nymphaeum. Of particular historical significance is the documentary evidence, in the form of papyri and wooden codices with Coptic and Greek texts, found in house 2, which revealed, among other things, the ancient name of the site.To the north of the above-mentioned domestic quarter lies a remarkable group of buildings separated by narrow, east-west running passageways. The southernmost complex, whose function was preliminarily identified as administrative, includes more than two hundred rooms, accessed via a colonnaded hall. Further north is a wealthy residential building, whose layout focuses around two large open halls. Considerable evidence was gathered showing different phases of construction and alteration of this complex, whose most notable features are its well-preserved, high quality wall paintings. A large square building, consisting of four rooms, was also investigated in the immediate vicinities of the painted residence. Archaeological evidence and comparative analysis allowed its identification as a\u00a0columbarium\/pigeon tower.Further investigation was carried out on three small mounds located in the northeast area of the site. Residential units and industrial installations, including a ceramic workshop, were excavated, pointing to an early chronology (first-second century CE, although ceramic evidence suggests an even earlier occupational phase dating to the Ptolemaic period).About twenty mud-brick tombs, including some large and architecturally sophisticated mausolea, are located in the northwestern sector of the site, roughly aligned in a north-south direction. Additional burials were found in the vicinities, generally in a quite poor state of preservation. To the southwest of the site lie two other groups of burials, consisting of a set of five relatively-well preserved tombs and a row of several collapsed mausolea.The Churches of KellisThe D.O.P. survey of 1981-82 found consistent traces of three mud-brick churches, one located along the west edge of the site and two at its south end. The West Church, excavated in 1992-93, measures\u00a0ca.\u00a015 m east-west by 7 m north-south and consists of two rooms, one to the west, possibly functioning as a narthex, and one to the east, with a passageway centrally placed within the shared wall. An apse with a raised floor, that can be accessed via a step, is located along the east wall. The conch is flanked by engaged semi-columns and in front of it is a raised platform, accessible from the west through a couple of steps. Two doorways, placed to the north and south of the apse, open onto small side-rooms.\u00a0Mastabas\u00a0(low benches) run along the walls of the two rooms forming the main body of the church, the only access to which is through a doorway located in the south wall of the narthex. This opens onto a cluster of seven rooms forming an architectural complex together with the church. The area covered by these spaces, whose function is unclear, roughly equals the church in size. The only entrance to the complex is located in the southwest corner; it opens onto a large rectangular room with\u00a0mastabas, possibly functioning as an anteroom. Two Christian burials were found against the east wall of the church and others in its proximity. These discoveries led the excavators to identify the complex as funerary. According to documentary and numismatic evidence, the foundation of the complex occurred around the mid-fourth century CE.The two churches built in the south periphery of Kellis were once part of a large complex. The so-called Small East Church\u00a0is located near the southeast corner of its enclosure, built against the east wall. It was partially investigated in 1981-82 by J. E. Knudstad and R. A. Frey and fully excavated in 2000 by Gillian Bowen. The church, the overall dimensions of which are\u00a0ca.\u00a010.5 m north-south and 9.5 m east-west, consists of two rectangular, interconnected rooms oriented east-west. To the north is a large hall, originally barrel-vaulted, that was originally accessible through a doorway placed in the middle of the north wall (bricked in at some point in antiquity), and another door in the south half of the west wall. Only from this room could one enter the church to the south via two doors, one (larger) located in the middle of the walls separating the two rooms and one (narrower) at the west end of the same wall. Archaeological evidence showed that the room had not been built originally as a church, and its conversion into an ecclesiastical building entailed several alterations. The most significant was the addition of a raised, tripartite sanctuary set against (and partially into) the east wall, with a central apse, delimited by two pilasters and richly decorated, and two side rooms. According to ceramic and numismatic evidence, the Small East Church, which shares considerable similarities with the church of Ain el-Gedida, was in use during the first half of the fourth century.The Large East Church, built against the southeast enclosure wall of the complex, is a rectangular building, measuring\u00a0ca.\u00a017 m north-south by 20 m east-west and oriented east-west. Access was originally through three doorways located along the western wall and connecting the church with the larger ecclesiastical complex. The main body of the church is divided into a central nave and two side aisles by two rows of six columns. The base of the two columns at the west end of both colonnades show that they originally had a trefoil shape. A west return aisle (a common feature of Upper Egyptian Christian architecture) was created by adding an additional column between the north and south colonnades, against which is a mud-brick stepped platform. To the east, a transverse aisle with four columns completes the ambulatory, which runs along the four walls of the church and surrounds a central area paved with flagstones.\u00a0Mastabas\u00a0are built against the north, west, and south wall. The north and south intercolumniations were originally sealed with wooden screens, as well as the northwest intercolumniation of the return aisle. The sanctuary consists of a raised apse centrally placed against the east wall, framed by two engaged pilasters and with a floor of triangular mud-bricks. A rectangular\u00a0bema, accessed by two steps at its north and south ends, is located in front of the apse and protrudes into the transverse aisle. The apse is flanked by two small\u00a0pastophoria, accessible from the transverse aisle; the south room is also directly connected with the apse via two steps. A set of four rooms is located to the south of the church, accessed through the south aisle. The function of three of these spaces is unknown; a staircase and two ovens were found in the westernmost room, which likely served as a kitchen for the baking of bread used in the liturgy. Sub-structures were found predating the construction of the church, which, on the basis of numismatic analysis of the coins found in it, occurred under the reign of Constantine I.\"\r\n\u00a0- Nicola Aravecchia",
                "archaeological_research": "The first investigations of Ismant al-\u1e2aar\u0101b were conducted by the Dakhleh Oasis Project\u00a0(DOP), in 1981-2. After this, proper excavations began in 1986 under the direction of Colin A. Hope, supported by Monash University. These excavations continued until 2010.",
                "bibliography": "\u2022 Abd Elsalam, H. 2011. \u201cUsing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Spatial Analysis of Mortuary Practices in the Kellis 2 Cemetery, Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt.\u201c MA Thesis, University of Central Florida.\u2022 Alcock, A. and I. Gardner. 1999. \u201cThe Coptic Economic Texts from Kellis (Dakhleh Oasis).\u201d In\u00a0\u00c4gypten und Nubien in Sp\u00e4tantiker und Christlicher Zeit 2: Akten des 6. Internationalen Koptologenkongresses M\u00fcnster, 20.-26. Juli 1996,\u00a0edited by\u00a0S. Emmel, M. Krause, S. G. Richter and S. Schaten, 231-238. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag.\u2022 Alcock, A., I. Gardner and P. Mirecki. 1997. \u201cMagical Spell, Manichaean Letter.\u201d In\u00a0Emerging from Darkness to Light, edited by P. Mirecki and J. BeDuhn, 1-32. Leiden: Brill.\u2022 Aravecchia, N. 2015. \u201cChristianity at Trimithis and in the Dakhla Oasis.\u201d In An Oasis City, edited by R. S. Bagnall, N. Aravecchia, R. Cribiore, P. Davoli, O. E. Kaper and S. McFadden, 119-148. New York: NYU Press.\u2022 Aufderheide, A. C., L. Cartmell and M. Zlonis. 2003. \u201cBio-anthropological Features of Human Mummies in Kellis 1 Cemetery: The Database for Mummification Methods.\u201d In The Oasis Papers 3: Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by G. E. Bowen and C. A. Hope,\u00a0137-151. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Aufderheide, A. C. L. Cartmell, M. Zlonis and P. Sheldrick. 2004. \u201cMummification Practices at Kellis Site in Egypt\u2019s Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities\u00a031: 63-77.\u2022 Aufderheide, A. C., M. Zlonis, L. Cartmell, M. R. Zimmerman, P. Sheldrick, M. Cook and J. E Molto. 1999. \u201cHuman Mummification Practices at Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d Journal of Egyptian Archaeology\u00a085: 193-210.\u2022 Bagnall, R. S., ed. 1997. The Kellis Agricultural Account Book. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Bagnall, R. S. 1999. \u201cThe Date of P. Kell.\u00a0I G. 62 and the Meaning of\u00a0\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd.\u201d\u00a0Chronique d\u2019\u00c9gypte 74: 329-333.\u2022 Bagnall, R. S. 2008. \u201cEconomy and Ecology in the Kellis Agricultural Account Book.\u201d In\u00a0The Oasis Papers 2: Proceedings of the Second International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by Marcia F. Wiseman, 115-118. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Bagnall, R. S., U. Thanheiser and K. A. Worp. 1989. \u201cTiphagion.\u201d Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik\u00a0122: 173-181.\u2022 Bagnall, R. S. and K. A. Worp. 2000a. \u201c\u03a4\u0395\u03a4\u03a1\u0391\u03a7\u03a1\u03a5\u03a3\u039f\u039d.\u201d\u00a0Tyche: Beitr\u00e4ge zur Alten Geschichte, Papyrologie und Epigraphik 15: 3-6.\u2022 Bagnall, R. S. and K. A. Worp. 2000b. \u201cTwo 4th Century Accounts from Kellis.\u201d In Papyri in honorem Johannis Bingen Octogenarii, edited by H. Malaerts, 495-509. Leuven: Peeters.\u2022 Bagnall, R. S. and K. A. Worp, 2002. \u201cAn Inscribed Pedestal from the Temple of Tutu.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 49-51. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Bagnall, R. S. and K. A. Worp. 2011. \u201cFamily Papers from Second-Century A.D. Kellis.\u201d Chronique d\u2019\u00c9gypte\u00a086: 228-253.\u2022 Berry, M. 1999. \u201cA Study of Pigments from a Roman Egyptian Shrine.\u201d Australian Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Materials Bulletin\u00a024: 1-9.\u2022 Berry, M. 2002. \u201cThe Study of Pigments from Shrine I at Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 53-60. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Birrell, M. 1999. \u201cExcavations in the Cemeteries of Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1992-1993 and 1993-1994 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and A. J. Mills, 29-42. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Bleuze, M. M., S. M. Wheeler, T. L. Dupras, L. J. Williams and J. E. Molto. 2014. \u201cAn Exploration of Adult Body Shape and Limb Proportions at Kellis 2, Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt.\u201d American Journal of Physical Anthropology\u00a0153: 496-505.\u2022 Blondaux, L. 2002. \u201cConservation of Archaeological Wall Paintings in the Temple of Tutu.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 61-63. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Blondaux. L. 2008. \u201cConservation at Ismant el-Kharab: Examples of Wall Painting in Shrine I.\u201d In\u00a0The Oasis Papers 2: Proceedings of the Second International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by Marcia F. Wiseman, 151-152. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 1998. \"The Spread of Christianity in Egypt in Light of Recent Discoveries from Ancient Kellis.\" PhD Thesis, Monash University.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 1999a. \u201cThe Coinage: A Preliminary Report.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1992-1993 and 1993-1994 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and A. J. Mills, 43-47. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 1999b. \u201cTextiles from Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a010: 7-12.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 2000. \u201cThe Small Church at Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a011: 29-34.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 2001a. \u201cTexts and Textiles: A Study of the Textile Industry at Ancient Kellis.\u201d The Artefact\u00a024: 18-28.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 2001b. \u201cA Suggested Interpretation of the Coin-Finds of Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Oasis Papers 1: The Proceedings of the First Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by C. A. Marlow and A. J. Mills, 60-64. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 2002a. \u201cThe Fourth Century Churches at Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Season, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 65-85. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 2002b. \u201cTextiles, Basketry and Leather Goods from Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 87-104. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 2003a. \u201cThe Small East Church at Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In The Oasis Papers 3: Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by G. E. Bowen and C. A. Hope, 153-165. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 2003b. \u201cSome Observations on Christian Burial Practices at Kellis.\u201d In The Oasis Papers 3: Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by G. E. Bowen and C. A. Hope, 167-181. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 2003c. \u201cThe Small East Church at Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In The Oasis Papers 3: Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by G. E. Bowen and C. A. Hope, 153-165. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 2003d. \u201cEarly Christian Burial Practices at Kellis, Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt.\u201d The Artefact\u00a026: 77-88.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 2004. \u201cAspects of Christian Burial Practice.\u201d Buried History\u00a040: 15-28.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 2007. \u201cCoin Hoards: 57. Ismant el-Kharab, Ancient Kellis, in Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d The Numismatic Chronicle\u00a0167: 260 \u2013 263.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. 2010. \u201cExcavation Coins: Coins from the 4th Century Churches and Christian Cemetery at Ismant el-Kharab, Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt.\u201d The Numismatic Chronicle\u00a0170: 457 \u2013 483.\u2022 Bowen, G. 2012a. \u201cChild, Infant and Foetal Burials of the Late Roman Period at Ismant el-Kharab, Ancient Kellis, Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d\u00a0In\u00a0L\u2019Enfant et la mort dans l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9\u00a0II, edited by M.-D. Nenna, 351\u2013372. Alexandria: Centre d\u2019\u00e9tudes alexandrines.\u2022 Bowen, G. 2012b. \u201cCoins as Tools for Dating the Foundation of the Large East Church at Kellis: Problems and a Possible Solution.\u201d In The Oasis Papers 6,\u00a0edited by R.S. Bagnall, P. Davoli and C.A. Hope, 417-428. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Bowen, G. 2014. \u201cThe Crux Ansata\u00a0in Early Christian Iconography: Evidence from Dakhleh and Kharga Oases.\u201d\u00a0In\u00a0Le Myrte et la rose: M\u00e9langes offerts \u00e0 Fran\u00e7oise Dunand par ses \u00e9l\u00e8ves, coll\u00e8gues et amis, edited by G. Tallet and C. Zivie-Coche, 292-303. Montpellier: Universit\u00e9 Paul Val\u00e9ry, CNRS.\u2022 Bowen, G. 2015. \u201cThe Environment Within: the Archaeological Context of the Texts from House 3 at Kellis in Egypt\u2019s Dakhleh-Oasis.\u201d In Housing and Habitat in the Ancient Mediterranean World: Cultural and Environmental Responses, edited by A. A. Di Castro and C.A. Hope, 231-241. Leuvan: Peeters.\u2022 Bowen, G. 2016. \u201cA 4th\u00a0Century AD Hoard from Ayn al-Sebil, Dakhleh Oasis Egypt.\u201d\u00a0Numismatic Chronicle\u00a0176: 355\u2013358.\u2022 Bowen, G. 2022. \u201cThe Churches\u201d. In Kellis: A Roman Period Village in Dakhleh Oasis, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 269-288. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\u2022 Bowen, G. E., T. Chandler, C. A. Hope and D. Martin. 2006. \u201cReconstructing Ancient Kellis Part II.\u201d Buried History\u00a042: 17-24.\u2022 Bowen, G. E., T. Chandler and D. Martin. 2005. \u201cReconstructing Ancient Kellis.\u201d Buried History\u00a041: 51-64.\u2022 Bowen, G. E., W. Dolling, C. A. Hope and P. Kucera. 2007. \u201cBrief Report on the 2007 Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a018: 21-52.\u2022 Bowen, G. E. and C. A. Hope. 1997. \u201cThe Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab in 1995\/6 and 1996\/7: A Brief Report.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a08: 49-64.\u2022 Bowen, G. E., C. A. Hope and O. E. Kaper. 1993. \u201cA Brief Report on the Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab in 1992-1993.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a04: 17-28.\u2022 Bowen, G. E., T. Chandler, C. A. Hope and D. Martin. 2006. \u201cReconstructing Ancient Kellis Part II.\u201d\u00a0Buried History\u00a042: 17-24.\u2022 Chase, G. L. 2018. \u201cInvestigations of Possible Cases of Scurvy in Juveniles from the Kellis 2 Cemetery in the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt, through Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Analyis of Multiple Tissues.\u201c MA Thesis, University of Central Florida.\u2022 Churcher, C. S. 2002. \u201cFaunal Remains from Kellis.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 105-113. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Cole, K. 2012. \u201cIntrinsic Factors Affecting Decomposition Changes in Archaeological Head Hair from Kellis 2 Cemetery, Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt.\u201c MA Thesis, University of Central Florida.\u2022 Connor, A. 2022. \u201cAdministration\u201d. In Kellis: A Roman Period Village in Dakhleh Oasis, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 169-184. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\u2022 Coombs, C. E., A. L. Woodhead and J. S. Church. 2002. \u201cReport on the Characterization of Three Fabric Samples from Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 115-119. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 de Jong, T. and K. A. Worp. 1995. \u201cA Greek Horoscope from 373 A.D.\u201d\u00a0Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik\u00a0106: 235-240.\u2022 de Jong, T. and K. A. Worp. 2001. \u201cMore Greek Horoscopes from Kellis (Dakhleh Oasis).\u201d\u00a0Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik\u00a0137: 203-214.\u2022 Dobrowolski, J. 2002. \u201cRemarks on the Construction Stages of the Main Temple and Shrines I-II.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 121-128. Oxford:\u00a0Oxbow Books.\u2022 Dubois, J. -D. 2013. \u201cGreek and Coptic Documents from Kellis. A Contribution to the History of a Manichaean Community.\u201d Journal of Coptic Studies\u00a015: 21-8.\u2022 Dunsmore, A. 2002. \u201cCeramics from Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 129-142. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Dupras, T. L. and M. W. Tocheri. 2003a. \u201cA Preliminary Analysis of the Human Skeletal Remains from North Tombs 1 and 2.\u201d In The Oasis Papers 3: Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by G. E. Bowen and C. A. Hope, 183-196. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Dupras, T. L. and M. W. Tocheri. 2003b. \u201cPreliminary Analysis of the Human Skeletal Remains from South Tomb 4.\u201d In The Oasis Papers 3: Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by G. E. Bowen and C. A. Hope,197-199. Oxford:\u00a0Oxbow Books.\u2022 Dupras, T. L. and M. W. Tocheri. 2007. \u201cReconstructing Infant Weaning Histories at Roman Period Kellis, Egypt Using Stable Isotope Analysis of Dentition.\u201d American Journal of Physical Anthropology\u00a0134: 63-74.\u2022 Dupras, T. L., M. W. Tocheri, C. A. Hope, D. Frankfurter, P. Sheldrick and E. Molto. \u201cA Fetus from Kellis: A Bioarchaeological Approach.\u201d International Journal of Osteoarchaeology.\u00a0Forthcoming.\u2022 Dupras, T. L., S. M. Wheeler, L. Williams and P. Sheldrick. 2022. \u201cThe Bioarchaeology of Kellis: What human Remains Reveal about Life in Kellis.\u201d In Ancient Kellis: A Roman Period Village in Egypt\u2019s Dakhleh Oasis,\u00a0edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\u2022 East, K. E. 2012. \u201cExploring Social Identity Through Stable Isotope Analysis in the Kellis 2 Cemetery.\u201c MA Thesis, University of Central Florida.\u2022 Eccleston, M. A. J. 1998. \u201cPetrographic Study of Locally Produced Ceramics from the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt.\u201d MA Thesis, University of Sheffield.\u2022 Eccleston, M. A. J. 2002. \u201cMetalworking at Kellis: A Preliminary Report.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 143-149. Oxford:\u00a0Oxbow Books.\u2022 Eccleston, M. A. J. 2006. \u201cTechnological and Social Aspects of High-Temperature Industries in the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt, During the Ptolemaic and Roman Periods.\u201c PhD Thesis, Monash University.\u2022 Fairgrieve, Scott I. and J. Eldon Molto. 2008. \u201cCribra Orbitalia \u2013 Diachronic Patterns and Interpretations from \u2018Ain Tirghi and Kellis Cemeteries.\u201d In\u00a0The Oasis Papers 2: Proceedings of the Second International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by Marcia F. Wiseman, 159. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Gardner, I. 1993a. \u201cA Manichaean Liturgical Codex found at Kellis.\u201d Orientalia\u00a062: 30-59.\u2022 Gardner, I. 1993b. \u201cThe Manichaean Community at Kellis: Progress Report.\u201d Manichaean Studies Newsletter\u00a011: 18-26.\u2022 Gardner, I. 1995a. \u201cAn Abbreviated Version of the Medinet Madi Psalm LXVIII Found at Kellis.\u201d In The Manichaean\u00a0\u039d\u039f\u03a5\u03a3, edited by in A. van Tongerloo, 129-338. Leuven:\u00a0Peeters.\u2022 Gardner, I. 1995b. \u201cGlory be to Mani.\u201d In\u00a0Divitiae Aegypti.\u00a0Koptologische und Verwandte Studien zu Ehren von Martin Krause,\u00a0edited by C. Fluck\u00a0et alii,\u00a0105-112. Weisbaden: Harrasowitz.\u2022 Gardner, I., ed. 1996. Kellis Literary Texts, Volume 1. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Gardner, I. 1997a. \u201cThe Manichaean Community at Kellis.\u201d In Emerging from Darkness to Light, edited by P. Mirecki and J. BeDuhn, 161-175. Leiden: Brill.\u2022 Gardner, I. 1997b. \u201cPersonal Letters from the Manichaean Community at Kellis.\u201d In Atti del terzo congresso internazionale di studi \u201cManicheismo e Oriente Christiano Antico\u201d, Arcavacata di Rende \u2013 Amantea, 31 agosto \u2013 5 settembre 1993, edited by L. Cirillo and A. van Tongerloo, 77-94. Leuven: Brepols.\u2022 Gardner, I. 1999a. \u201cProgress on the Coptic Texts from Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1992-1993 and 1993-1994 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and A. J. Mills, 49-51. Oxford:\u00a0Oxbow Books.\u2022 Gardner, I. 1999b. \u201cAn Old Coptic Ostracon from Ismant el-Kharab?\u201d Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik\u00a0125: 195-200.\u2022 Gardner, I. 2000. \u201cHe has Gone to the Monastery..\u201d In Studia Manichaica: Proceedings of the IVth International Conference of Manichaean Studies, Berlin 1997, edited by R. E. Emmerick, W. Sundermann and P. Zieme, 247-257. Berlin.\u2022 Gardner, I. 2002. \u201cThe Coptic Texts from Ismant el-Kharab: Report on Work in Progress 1995-1997.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 151-152. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Gardner, I. 2003. \u201cReport on the Editing of both the Coptic and the Manichaean Texts from Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In The Oasis Papers 3: Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by G. E. Bowen and C. A. Hope, 201-205. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Gardner, I. 2007. \u201cP. Kellis I 67 Revisited.\u201d Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik 159: 223-8.\u2022 Gardner, I. (ed.). 2007. Kellis Literary Texts, Volume II. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Gardner, I. 2008. \u201cSome Comments on Kinship Terms in the Coptic Documentary Papyri from Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In\u00a0The Oasis Papers 2: Proceedings of the Second International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by Marcia F. Wiseman, 129-136. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Gardner, I. 2019. \u201cP. Kellis I 82 and an Unnoticed Record of the Manichaean Daily Prayers.\u201d Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Antikes Christentum 17: 291-314.\u2022 Gardner, I., A. Alcock and W.-P. Funk, eds. 1999. Coptic Documentary Texts from Kellis, Volume I. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Gardner, I., A. Alcock and W.-P. Funk, eds. 1999. Coptic Documentary Texts from Kellis, Volume II. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Gardner, I. and S. N. C. Lieu. 1996. \u201cFrom Narmouthis (Medinet Madi) to Kellis (Ismant el-Kharab): Manichaen Documents from Roman Egypt.\u201d Journal of Religion and Society 86: 146-69.\u2022 Gardner, I. M. F. and S. N. C. Lieu. 1996. \u201cFrom Narmouthis (Medinet Madi) to Kellis (Ismant el-Kharab): Manichaean Documents from Roman Egypt.\u201d Journal of Roman Studies 86: 146-169.\u2022 Gardner, I. and K. A. Worp. 1997. \u201cLeaves from a Manichaean Codex.\u201d\u00a0Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik\u00a0117: 139-155.\u2022 Gardiner, I. and K. A. Worp. 2018. \u201cA Most Remarkable Fourth-Century Letter in greek, Recovered from House Four at Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d\u00a0Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik\u00a0205: 127-42.\u2022 Gascou, J. and K. A. Worp. 1996. \u201cThe Panopolitan Village\u00a0\u03a3\u03a5\u039d\u039f\u03a1\u0399\u0391\u03a3.\u201d\u00a0Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik\u00a0112: 163-164.\u2022 Ghica, V. 2006. \u201cKellis : Notes toponymiques.\u201d In Coptica \u2013 Gnostica \u2013 Manichaica. M\u00e9langes offerts \u00e0 Wolf-Peter Funk, edited by L. Painchaud and P.-H. Poirier, 325-337. Qu\u00e9bec \/ Louvain-Paris:\u00a0 Presses de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval \/ Peeters.\u2022 Ghica, V. 2012. \u201cPour une histoire du christianisme dans le d\u00e9sert occidental d\u2019\u00c9gypte.\u201d Journal des savants 2012, 2: 189-280.\u2022 Ghica, V. 2016. \u201cVecteurs de la christianisation de l\u2019Egypte au IVe si\u00e8cle \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re des sources arch\u00e9ologiques.\u201d In Acta XVI Congressus Internationalis Archaeologiae Christianae, Rome 22-28.9.2013, edited by O. Brandt and G. Castiglia, 199, 248-249, fig. 9b, 9c and 9d. Citt\u00e0 del Vaticano: Pontificio Istituto di Archeologia Cristiana.\u2022 Gonis, N. and C. E. R\u00f6mer. 1998. \u201cEin lobgesang an den Vater der Gr\u00f6\u00dfe in P. Kellis II 94.\u201d Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik 120: 299-300.\u2022 Grossmann, P. 2002. \u201cTypological Considerations on the Large East Church at Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 153-6. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Hegedorn, D. and K. A. Worp. 1994. \u201cDas Wandeljahr im R\u00f6mischen \u00c4gypten.\u201d\u00a0Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik 104: 243-255.\u2022 Hickson, K. 2002. \u201cExcavations in Area C at Ismant el-Kharab in 1996-1997.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 157-166. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Hoogendijk, F. A. J. 1996. \u201cA Note on P. Kellis I 82.\u201d Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik\u00a0113: 216-8.\u2022 Hoogendijk, F. A. J. 2016. \u201cPage of an Oracle Book: Papyrus Kellis 96.150.\u201d In Proceedings of the 27th\u00a0International Congress of Papyrology. Warsaw 29 July-3 August 2013, (The Journal of Juristic Papyrology Supp. 28), edited by T. Derda et. al., 595-622. Warsaw.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1985. \u201cDakhleh Oasis Project: Report on the 1986 Excavations at Ismant el-Gharab.\u201d Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 15: 114-125.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1986. \u201cDakhleh Oasis Project: Report on the 1987 Excavations at Ismant el-Gharab.\u201d Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 16: 74-91.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1987. \u201cThe Dakhleh Oasis Project: Ismant el-Kharab 1989-1990.\u201d Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 17: 157-176.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1988. \u201cThree Seasons of Excavation at Ismant el-Gharab in Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt.\u201d Mediterranean Archaeology 1: 160-178.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1990. \u201cExcavations at Ismant el-Kharab in the Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology 1: 43-54.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1991. \u201cThe 1991 Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab in the Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a02: 41-50.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1994a. \u201cIsis and Serapis at Kellis: A Brief Note.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a05: 37-42.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1994b. \u201cExcavations at Ismant el-Kharab in the Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d Egyptian Archaeology\u00a05: 17-18.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1995a. \u201cIsmant el-Kharab (Ancient Kellis) in the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt.\u201d Mediterranean Archaeology\u00a08: 138-143.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1995b. \u201cThe Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab in 1995: A Brief Report.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a06: 51-58.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1997a. \u201cThe Find Context of the Kellis Agricultural Account Book.\u201d In The Kellis Agricultural Account Book, edited by R. S. Bagnall, 5-16. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1997b. \u201cThe Archaeological Context of the Discovery of Leaves from a Manichaean Codex.\u201d Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik\u00a0117: 156-161.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1998. \u201cObjects from the Temple of Tutu.\u201d In Egyptian Religion: The Last Thousand Years, Part II. Studies Dedicated to the Memory of Jan Quaegebeur, edited by W. Clarysse, A. Schoors and H. Willems, 803-858. Leuven: Peeters.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1999a. \u201cDakhla Oasis, Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt, edited by K. Bard, 222-226. London and New York: Routledge.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1999b. \u201cPottery Manufacture in the Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d In Reports from the Survey of the Dakhleh Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt, 1978-1987,\u00a0edited by C. S. Churcher and A. J. Mills, 215-243. Oxford:\u00a0Oxbow Books.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1999c. \u201cThe Archaeological Context.\u201d In Coptic Documentary Texts from Kellis, Volume 1, edited by I. Gardner, A. Alcock and W.-P. Funk, 96-122. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 1999d. \u201cThe Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab in 1998\/9: A Brief Report.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a010: 59-66.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 2000. \u201cThe Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab in 2000: A Brief Report.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a011: 49-66.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 2001a. \u201cObservations on the Dating of the Occupation at Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Oasis Papers 1: The Proceedings of the First Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by C. A. Marlow and A. J. Mills, 43-59. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 2001b. \u201cThe Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab and Mut el-Kharab in 2001.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a012: 35-63.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 2002a. \u201cExcavations in the Settlement of Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Season, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 167-208. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 2003a. \u201cThe Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab from 2000 to 2002.\u201d With contributions by O. E. Kaper and H. Whitehouse. In The Oasis Papers 3: Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by in G. E. Bowen and C. A. Hope, 207-289. Oxford:\u00a0Oxbow Books.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 2003b. \u201cExcavations in the Settlement of Ismant el-Kharab in 1995-1999.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons,\u00a0edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 167-208. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 2004a. \u201cOstraka and the Archaeology of Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Greek Ostraka from Kellis, edited by K. A. Worp, 5-27. Oxford:\u00a0Oxbow Books.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 2004b. \u201cThe Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab and Mut el-Kharab in 2004.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a015: 19-49.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 2005. \u201cReport on the Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab and Mut el-Kharab in 2005.\u201d With Appendices by H. Whitehouse and A. Warfe. Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a016: 35-83.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 2007. \u201cIsmant el-Kharab.\u201d In Report to the Supreme Council of Antiquities, on the 2005-2006 Season Activities of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by J. Mills, 23-30.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 2014. \u201cThe Kellis I Cemetery: Roman Period Burials in Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d In Le Myrte et la rose. M\u00e9langes offerts \u00e0 Fran\u00e7oise Dunand par ses \u00e9l\u00e8ves, coll\u00e8gues et amis,\u00a0edited by G. tallet and Chr. Zivi-Coche: 325-48. Montpellier.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 2015. \u201cThe Roman-Period Houses of Kellis in Egypt\u2019s Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d In Housing and Habitat in the Ancient Mediterranean World: Cultural and Environmental Responses, edited by A. A. di Castro, C. A. Hope and B. E. Parr: 199-229. Leuven: Peeters.\u2022 Hope, C. A. 2022. \u201cKellis in Context\u201d. In Kellis: A Roman Period Village in Dakhleh Oasis, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 169-184. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\u2022 Hope, C. A. Report to the Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA) of the 2007 Monash Excavations. Accessed April 12th, 2020.\u00a0https:\/\/www.monash.edu\/__data\/assets\/pdf_file\/0006\/1787568\/ismant-report-2007.pdf\u2022 Hope, C. A., and G. E. Bowen. 1997. \u201cThe Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab in 1995\/6 and 1996\/7: A Brief Report.\u201d Bulletin of the Centre for Egyptology\u00a08: 49-64.\u2022 Hope, C. A., G. E. Bowen, W. Dolling, C. Hubschmann, P. Kucera, R. Long and A. Stevens. 2006. \u201cReport on the Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab and Mut el-Kharab in 2006.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a017: 23-67.\u2022 Hope, C. A., with M. A. J. Eccleston, O. E. Kaper, S. Marchand and D. Darnell. 2000. \u201cKegs and Flasks from the Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d\u00a0Cahiers de la c\u00e9ramique \u00e9gyptienne 6: 189-234.\u2022 Hope, C. A., D. Jones, L. Falvey, J. Petkov, H. Whitehouse and K. Worp. 2010. \u201cReport on the 2010 Season of Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab, Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a021: 38-41.\u2022 Hope, C. A., O. E. Kaper, Bowen, G. E. and Patten, S. F. 1989. \u201cDakhleh Oasis Project: Ismant el-Kharab 1991-92.\u201d Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities\u00a09:1-26.\u2022 Hope, C. A., O. E. Kaper and G. E. Bowen. 1992. \u201cExcavations at Ismant el-Kharab \u2013 1992.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a03: 41-49.\u2022 Hope, C. A., O. E. Kaper, G. E. Bowen and S. F. Patten. 1993. \u201cDakhleh Oasis Project: Ismant el-Kharab 1991-92.\u201d Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 29 (1989): 1-26.\u2022 Hope C. A., O. E. Kaper, H. Whitehouse and K. A. Worp. 2002. \u201cExcavations at Mut el-Kharab and Ismant el-Kharab in 2001-2.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a013: 85-107.\u2022 Hope, C. A. and J. McKenzie. 1999. \u201cInterim Report on the West Tombs.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1992-1993 and 1993-1994 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and A. J. Mills, 53-68. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Hope, C. A. and H. V. Whitehouse. 2003. \u201cThe Gladiator Jug from Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In The Oasis Papers 3: Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by G. E. Bowen and C. A. Hope, 291-310. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Hope, C. A. and H. Whitehouse. 2006. \u201cA Painted Residence at Ismant el-Kharab (Kellis) in the Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d Journal of Roman Archaeology\u00a019: 312-328.\u2022 Hope, C. A. and K. A. Worp. 1996. \u201cA New Fragment of Homer.\u201d Mnemosyne 51: 206-210.\u2022 Hope, C. A. and K. A. Worp. 2006. \u201cMiniature Codices from Kellis.\u201d Mnemosyne\u00a059 (2): 226-58.\u2022 Hope, C. A. et. al. 2003. \u201cThe Excavations at Ismant el-Kharab from 2000 to 2002.\u201d In The Oasis Papers 3: Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by G. E. Bowen and C. A. Hope, 207-289. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Hussein, A. and G. Wagner. 1994. \u201cUne D\u00e9dicace Grecque du Grand Temple d\u2019Esment el-Kharab.\u201d Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik\u00a0101: 109-112.\u00a0\u2022 Jenkins, G. 1995a. \u201cThe Prayer of the Emanations in Greek from Kellis (T.Kellis 22).\u201d Le Mus\u00e9on\u00a0108: 243-263.\u2022 Jenkins, G. 1995b. \u201cPapyrus 1 from Kellis. A Greek Text with Affinities to the Acts of John.\u201d In The Apocryphal Acts of John, edited by J. N. Bremmer, 197-229. Kampen: Kok Pharos.\u2022 Jenkins, G. 1995c. \u201cAppendix. A Single Codex Sheet from kellis. A Manichaean Miniature Greek Codex (Papyrus 2).\u201d In The Apocryphal Acts of John,\u00a0edited by J. N. Bremmer, 217-30. Kampen: Kok Pharos.\u2022 Jordan, D. 2001. \u201cIntrusions into the Text of the Amulet P. Kellis G.\u00a0187?\u201d\u00a0Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Papyrologie und Epigraphik\u00a0137, 34.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 1991. \u201cThe God Tutu (Tithoes) and his Temple in the Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology\u00a02, 59-67.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 1993. \u201c\u2018Nieuwe\u2019 Tempels in de Oase Dachla.\u201d Phoenix\u00a039: 11-29.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 1995a. \u201cDoorway Decoration Patterns in the Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d In 3. \u00c4gyptologishe Tempeltagung, edited by D. Kuhrt, 99-114. Weisbaden: Harrasowitz.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 1995b. \u201cThe Astronomical Ceiling of Deir el-Haggar in the Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 81: 175-195.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 1997a. \u201cA Painting of the Gods of Dakhla in the Temple of Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In The Temple in Ancient Egypt, edited by S. Quirke, 204-215. London: British Museum Press.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 1997b. \u201cThe Statue of Penbast. On the Cult of Seth in the Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d In Essays on Ancient Egypt in Honour of Herman te Velde, edited by J. van Dijk, 231-240. Groningen: Styx Publications.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 1998a. \u201cTemple Building in the Egyptian deserts during the Roman Period.\u201d In Life on the Fringe, edited by O. E. Kaper, 139-158. Leiden: Centre for Non-Western Studies.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 1998b. \u201cThe God Tutu in Behbeit el-Hagar and in Shenhur\u201d. In Egyptian religion: The Last Thousand Years, Part I. Studies Dedicated to the Memory of Jan Quaegebeur, edited by W. Clarysse, A. Schoors and H. Willems, 139-157. Leuven: Peeters.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 1999. \u201cEpigraphy at Ismant el-Kharab: Interim Observations.\u201d In Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1992-1993 and 1993-1994 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and A. J. Mills, 69-74. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 2002a. \u201cA Group of Dipinti\u00a0in Shrine IV at Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In\u00a0Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 209-216. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 2002b. \u201cPharaonic-Style Decoration in the Mammisi\u00a0at Ismant el-Kharab: New Insights after the 1996-1997 Field Season.\u201d In\u00a0Dakhleh Oasis Project: Preliminary Reports on the 1994-1995 to 1998-1999 Field Seasons, edited by C. A. Hope and G. E. Bowen, 217-223. Oxford:\u00a0Oxbow Books.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 2003a. The Egyptian God Tutu: A Study of the Sphinx-God and Master of Demons with a Corpus of Monuments. Leuven: Peeters.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 2003b. \u201cThe God Tutu at Kellis: On Two Stelae Found at Ismant el-Kharab in 2000.\u201d In The Oasis Papers 3: Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by G. E. Bowen and C. A. Hope, 311-321. Oxford:\u00a0Oxbow Books.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. 2003c. \u201cThe Lost Decoration of North Tomb 1.\u201d In The Oasis Papers 3: Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, edited by G. E. Bowen and C. A. Hope, 323-330. Oxford:\u00a0Oxbow Books.\u2022 Kaper, O. E. and K. A. Worp. 1995. \u201cA Bronze representing Tapsais of Kellis.\u201d Revue d\u2019\u00e9gyptologie\u00a046: 107-118.\u2022 Knudstad, J. E. and R. A. Frey. 1999. \u201cKellis: The Architectural Survey of the Romano-Byzantine Town at Ismant el-Kharab.\u201d In Reports from the Survey of the Dakhleh Oasis 1977-1987, edited by C. S. Churcher and A. J. Mills, 189-214. Oxford: Oxbow Books.\u2022 Kron, H. 2007. \u201cThe Efficacy of GIS for Spatial Analysis of Mortuary Data based on Morphogenetic Traits in the Kellis 2 Cemetery, Dakhleh Oasis.\u201c MA Thesis, University of Western Ontario.\u2022 Livingstone, R. 2009. \u201cLate Antique Household Textiles From the Village of Kellis in the Dakhleh Oasis.\u201d In Clothing the House: Furnishing Textiles of the 1st Millennium AD From Egypt and Neighbouring Countries,\u00a0edited by A. De Moor and C. Fluck, 100-14. 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                "external_links": [
                    {
                        "text": "DOP archaeological excavations",
                        "url": "http:\/\/dakhlehoasisproject.com\/works\/excavation-at-romano-christian-settlement-at-ismant-el-kharab-kellis-kellis\/"
                    },
                    {
                        "text": "Monash archaeological excavations",
                        "url": "https:\/\/www.monash.edu\/arts\/philosophical-historical-international-studies\/ancient-kellis"
                    }
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                "authors": [
                    {
                        "author": "Rhiannon Williams",
                        "year": "2024"
                    },
                    {
                        "author": "Nicola Aravecchia",
                        "year": "2020"
                    },
                    {
                        "author": "Victor Ghica",
                        "year": "2020"
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