Get Social With Us

4CARE-ARTEFACTS

ARTEFACT IDENTIFIERS

Artefact ID1405
TM IDTM 61868
Findspot (DEChriM ID)28   (al-Bahnasā)
ClassTextual
MaterialPapyrus
Writing mediumSheet/roll
Text contentSubliterary
LanguageGreek
Description

P.Oxy. II 209; Gregory-Aland P10; 𝔓10: School text

Sheet of papyrus preserving a selection from the beginning of Paul's Epistle to the Romans (Rom 1:1-7, without title) at the top, written in a sloppy uncial script, and underneath a short excerpt in cursive writing.

The style of handwriting, pagination, and format provide clues that this papyrus served as a writing exercise, especially to learn how to write nomina sacra. For the identification of this Greek NT papyrus as part of the archive of Leonides, son of Theon, that allows a glimpse into the life and social milieu of its owner: see Luijendijk 2010.

The text runs along the fibres on the recto, and against the fibres on the verso (one short line).

Selection criteriaNomina sacra, Biblical quote or paraphrase
Date from320
Date to330
Dating criteria

Part of Leonides archive, which ranges from 315 to 334; the text was probably written between 320-330 (Luijendijk 2010).

Absolute/relative dateRelative date
Archaeological context

Tied up with a contract of 316, P.Oxy. I 103 according to Luijendijk 2010, and presumably found during Grenfell and Hunt first excavation season at Oxyrhynchus in 1896-1897.

Accession number

Cambridge (MA), Harvard University Library (Houghton Library) SM 2218

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Last edition

Blumell, Lincoln H. and Wayment, Thomas A. 2015. Christian Oxyrhynchus II. Waco, Texas, no. 51.

Editio princeps

• Grenfell, Bernard P. / Hunt, Arthur S. 1899. The Oxyrhynchus Papyri.

Additional bibliography

• Carlig, Nathan and de Haro Sanchez, Magali. 2015. Amulettes ou exercices scolaires: sur les difficultés de la catégorisation des papyrus chrétiens

• Cribiore, Raffaella. 1996. Writing, teachers, and students in Graeco-Roman Egypt. Atlanta, no. 302 descr. 

• Luijendijk, AnneMarie, 2010. "A New Testament Papyrus and Its Documentary Context: An Early Christian Writing Exercise from the Archive of Leonides (P.Oxy. II 209 / P10)." Journal of Biblical Literature 129, 575-596.

Clarysse, Willy and Orsini, Pasquale. 2012. "Early New Testament Manuscripts and Their Dates." Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses 88/4, 443-474.

• Van Haelst, Joseph. 1976. Catalogue des papyrus littéraires juifs et chrétiens. Paris, no. 490 descr.

Authors
Valérie Schram, 2021
Suggested citation
Valérie Schram, 2021, "Artefact ID 1405", 4CARE database - Fourth-Century Christian Archaeological Record of Egypt, https://4care-skos.mf.no/artefacts/1405
Gallery