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ARTEFACT IDENTIFIERS

Artefact ID1476
TM IDTM 23832
Findspot (DEChriM ID)-   ()
ClassTextual
MaterialCeramic
Writing mediumOstracon
Text contentDocumentary
LanguageGreek
Description

O.Bahria Div. 8; SB 20 14930: Fragment of a receipt 
The receipt for a sum of money, possibly a late attestation for the use of drachma (see Worp 2010 for doubts regarding this). Mention of μοναχός in line 2. Dated to the month Pharmouthi in line 4.

Selection criteriaMention of Christian cult officials/institutions, Archaeological context associated with Christian markers
Date from410
Date to411
Dating criteria

Most Bahariya ostraca date from the 4th c. or Byzantine period. A small number can be placed in the 2nd or 3rd c. If in this case, the ostracon was indeed dated by the Oxyrhynchite era (see πζ = year 87 (?) on line 3), this could indicate the year 410/411, see Bagnall/Worp 2004.

Absolute/relative dateRelative date
Archaeological context

Discovered by Ahmed Fakhry during the excavation of the brick buildings around the temple of Alexander the Great (published 1942), alongside O.Bahria and the ostraca assigned to the “Dossier of Sarmates”  and “Dossier of Dorotheos son of Marinos” by Wagner 1987. Wagner had discovered an envelope labeled "Bahria Oasis” containing photographs of 68 Greek, Coptic and Arabic ostraca in the archives of A. Fakhry, deposited at the DAI Cairo after his death. Of the 32 Greek ostraca photographs, 16 ostraca including this one remained unassigned to either dossier, titled O.Bahria Div.

Accession number

Location unknown

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Reference edition
• Rupprecht, Hans-Albert. 1997. Sammelbuch Griechischer Urkunden aus Ägypten. Zwanzigster Band. (Nr. 14069–15202). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. 551, No. 14930.

Editio princeps
• Wagner, Guy. 1987. Les Oasis d’Égypte à l’Epoque Grecque, Romaine et Byzantine d’Après les Documents Grecs. (Recherches de Papyrologie et d’Epigraphie Grecques). Cairo: Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale du Caire. 106, O. Bahria Div. 8.

Additional bibliography
• Bagnall, Roger S. and Klaas A. Worp. 2004. Chronological Systems of Byzantine Egypt. 2nd Edition. Leiden/Boston: Brill. 58-59.
• Worp, Klaas A. 2010. “A Note on the Use of Talents, Drachmas and Obols in Byzantine Egypt.” Zeitschrift Für Papyrologie Und Epigraphik (ZPE) 172. 167–174: 170-171.

Authors
Victoria G. D. Landau, 2022
Suggested citation
Victoria G. D. Landau, 2022, "Artefact ID 1476", 4CARE database - Fourth-Century Christian Archaeological Record of Egypt, https://4care-skos.mf.no/artefacts/1476
External links
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