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ARTEFACT IDENTIFIERS

Artefact ID1585
TM IDTM 31942
Findspot (DEChriM ID)-   ()
ClassTextual
MaterialPapyrus
Writing mediumSheet/roll
Text contentDocumentary
LanguageGreek
Description

P. Gron. 17: Letter from Isaios to Herakleios 
In this letter (30 x 9 cm), Isaios, presumably a monk or cleric, greets Herakleios with χαῖρε, κύριέ μου [ἀδελφ]έ (line 1). Isaios seems to be a more senior member of the community, and he discusses the sudden departure of Herakleios, whom he addresses as ἀδελφέ (line 1, 4, 16, 26) multiple times. He bids him Θ(εὸ)ς μετὰ σοῦ (line 15), and sends greetings in the name of multiple individuals, ἀσπάζονταί σε οἱ ἀδελφοί (line 25). Nomina sacra: θς, κωι

Selection criteriaMention of Christian individuals/communities, Christian terms/formulas/concepts, Nomina sacra
Date from250
Date to399
Dating criteria

Palaeography

Absolute/relative dateRelative date
Archaeological context

One of 127 papyri acquired via Wilhelm Schubart from a dealer in Egypt, arriving at the University of Groningen in 1926. This was financed by alumnus Dr J. Enschedé and the ‘Groninger Universiteitsfonds’. Same hand as P. Gron. 18, a letter from Isaios to Apollonios.

Accession number

Groningen, University Library 17

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Editio princeps
• Roos, Antoon G. 1933. Papyri Groniganae. Griechische Papyri der Universitätsbibliothek zu Groningen. Nebst zwei Papyri der Universitätsbibliothek zu Amsterdam. (Mit 7 Lichtdrucktafeln). Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeeling Letterkunde Nieuwe Reeks Deel 32. Amsterdam: Noord-Hollandsche Uitgeversmaatschappij. 44-45, No. 17. Tafel VI.

Additional bibliography
• Clarysse, Willy. 2020. “The Emergence of God(s) in Private Greek Papyrus Letters.” Ancient Society 50. 129-151: 142n37.
• Naldini, Mario. 1968. Il Cristianesimo in Egitto. Lettere private nei papiri dei secoli II-IV. Firenze: Le Monnier. 141-143, No. 24.

• Sijpesteijn, Pieter J. 1973. “Bemerkungen zu einigen Papyri Groninganae.” Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik (ZPE) 11. 161-168: 167.
• Wilcken, Ulrich. 1935. “Heidnisches und Christliches aus Ägypten: III. Amulette” Archiv für Papyrusforschung (AfP) 1. 117-152: 427.

Authors
Victoria G. D. Landau, 2023
Suggested citation
Victoria G. D. Landau, 2023, "Artefact ID 1585", 4CARE database - Fourth-Century Christian Archaeological Record of Egypt, https://4care-skos.mf.no/artefacts/1585
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