| Artefact ID | 375 |
| TM ID | TM 61620 |
| Findspot (DEChriM ID) | 28 (al-Bahnasā) | Class | Textual |
| Material | Papyrus |
| Writing medium | Codex |
| Text content | Literary, Subliterary |
| Language | Greek |
| Description | P.Oxy. X 1229; Gregory-Aland P23; 𝔓23; NT23 Squared papyrus fragment containing the Epistle of James 1:10-12 and 15-18, with possible personal reuse of folio. The text is written by a practiced hand, and there is only one mark of punctuation (mid point in l. 21) as well as one diaeresis (ϋπομενει l. 12). The ed. pr. notes a peculiar word division in l. 11 in the word ἀνή|ρ and a correction from ου to ω in l. 1 as well as an inserted καί in l. 7. One unique reading occurs in the text (παραλλαγῆς for the παραλλαγή of the MS). It has been suggested that the papyrus folio was reused as a type of amulet or rather a lieblingstext, and folded so that l. 11-15 (containing the text "Blessed is he who resists temptation; that upon becoming approved, he will receive the wreath of life") would be visible: see Barker 2010: 136-138, who also places this text into the same context as P91. The pagination has been preserved and the folio is numbered 2 (verso) and 3 (recto). The text does not contain nomina sacra. |
| Selection criteria | Literary genre (Biblical) |
| Date from | 250 |
| Date to | 299 |
| Dating criteria | Palaeography. Dated to the 4th c. by the ed. pr. The text has been placed quite early, in the 2nd c. (see Jaroš 2006: 4400-4408) and in the early 3rd c. by Comfort and Barrett (after comparison with P.Chester Beatty X, 3rd c.); see Comfort/Barrett 2001: 111. For the most recent date (late 3rd c.), see Clarysse / Orsini 2012: 465 and 469. |
| Absolute/relative date | Relative date |
| Archaeological context | |
| Accession number | Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois, G 1229. |
ARTEFACT IDENTIFIERS
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