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4CARE-ARTEFACTS

ARTEFACT IDENTIFIERS

Artefact ID	1651
TM ID	TM 33676
Findspot (DEChriM ID)	28 (al-Bahnasā)
Class	Textual
Material	Papyrus
Writing medium	Sheet/roll
Text content	Documentary
Language	Greek
Description	P.Oxy. XIV 1774, P.Oxy. 14 1774: Letter from Didyme and her “sisters” to Atienateia A letter (21.9 x 10.3 cm) written by women, addressed to women, Didyme and αἱ ἀδελφαὶ greet Atienateia ἐν κ(υρί)ῳ (line 3). Atienateia had ordered goods (?) from the adelphai, and has a surplus of 1300 denarii left. Greetings are sent to τὴν κυρείαν ἀδελφὴν μακαρείαν Ἀσοῦν and her mother (line 17-19). Didyme and the sisters appear in another text P. Berol. 13897 (SB III 7243/SB VIII 9746), addressed to Sophias. See Wipszycka 2002 for a summary and rebuttal of scholarly opinions on the “sisters” and their activities (including the group possibly being Christian ascetics).
Selection criteria	Christian terms/formulas/concepts
Date from	300
Date to	350
Dating criteria	Palaeography; Wipszycka 2002 limits it to before 340, when the talent collapsed. Blumell/Wayment 2018 compare the hand to P.Oxy. LXVI 4528 (6 May 336), P.Col. VII 147 (6 April 342) and P.Abinn. 47 (1 May 346).
Absolute/relative date	Relative date
Archaeological context	Found in al-Bahnasā (Oxyrhynchos) during the excavations of Bernard Grenfell and Arthur S. Hunt between 1896 and 1907.
Accession number	Berkeley, Pacific School of Religion, Badè Museum of Biblical Archaeology, inv. P. 4

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Editio princeps
• Grenfell, Bernard P. and Arthur S. Hunt. 1920. The Oxyrhynchus Papyri. Part XIV (P. Oxy. XIV). London: Egypt Exploration Fund. 187, No. 1774.

Additional bibliography
• Bagnall, Roger S. and Raffaella Cribiore. 2006. Women's Letters from Ancient Egypt, 300 BC–AD 800. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. 194-195.
• Bagnall, Roger S. and Raffaella Cribiore. 2008. Women's Letters from Ancient Egypt, 300 BC–AD 800. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. A13.1, No. 76. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb90014.0001.001]
• Blumell, Lincoln H. and Thomas A. Wayment. 2015. Christian Oxyrhynchus: Texts, Documents and Sources. Waco TX: Baylor University Press. 523-527, No. 143.
• Brakke, David. 1995. Athanasius and the Politics of Asceticism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 28-29, 37, 40-41.
• Elm, Susanna. 1996. Virgins of God. The Making of Asceticism in Late Antiquity. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 241-244.
• Emmett, Alanna M. 2017. “An Early Fourth-Century Female Monastic Community in Egypt?” In Maistor. Classical, Byzantine and Renaissance Studies for Robert Browning, edited by Ann Moffat. Byzantina Australiensia 5. Leiden/Boston: Brill. 77-83.
• Ghedini, Giuseppe. 1923. Lettere Cristiane dai Papiri Greci del III e IV Secolo. Milano: Presso l'amministrazione di Aegyptus e la società editrice Vita e Pensiero. 141-144, No. 17.
• Luijendijk, AnneMarie. 2008. Greetings in the Lord. Early Christians and the Oxyrhynchus Papyri. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 62n21.
• Manteuffel, Georgius [Jerzy]. 1927. “Epistulae Privatae Ineditae.” Eos: commentarii Societatis philologae Polonorum = Eos: organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Filologicznego 30. 211-215: 213-214.
• Naldini, Mario. 1968. Il Cristianesimo in Egitto. Lettere private nei papiri dei secoli II-IV. Firenze: Le Monnier. 178-180, No. 37.
• Wipszycka, Ewa. 2002. “Del buon uso delle lettere private. Commento a SB III, 7243 e P. Oxy. XIV, 1774.” In "Humana sapit". Études d'Antiquité tardive offertes à Lellia Cracco Ruggini, edited by Jean-Michel Carrié and Rita Lizzi Testa. Bibliothèque de l'Antiquité tardive 3. Turnhout: Brepols. 469-473, 484.

Authors

Victoria G. D. Landau, 2023

Suggested citation

Victoria G. D. Landau, 2023, "Artefact ID 1651", 4CARE database - Fourth-Century Christian Archaeological Record of Egypt, https://4care-skos.mf.no/artefacts/1651

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External links

TM 33676 DDbDP (PN) HGV

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