4care-artefacts

4CARE-ARTEFACTS

ARTEFACT IDENTIFIERS

Artefact ID	1700
TM ID	TM 33125
Findspot (DEChriM ID)	28 (al-Bahnasā)
Class	Textual
Material	Papyrus
Writing medium	Sheet/roll
Text content	Documentary
Language	Greek
Description	PSI 4 311: Letter (attachment) with instructions to reach bishop Theodotos of Laodikeia This fragmented sheet (13 x 23.5 cm) contains the remains of 25 lines, presumably the end of the text. It appears the present sheet was a companion piece to a letter addressed to the ἐπισκόπῳ τῆς Λαυδικίας (line 8–9), specifically bishop Theodotos of Laodikeia (line 19 and 27), since it consists of detailed instructions on how to deliver the letter to its destination, even pointing out that one could be confused by the fact that there is a Laodikeia in Phrygia and another in Syria (this is the intended one, two stations before Antioch). The phrase ἀδελφὲ ἀσύγκριτε is used in the address along the left margin.
Selection criteria	Mention of Christian cult officials/institutions
Date from	300
Date to	341
Dating criteria	According to palaeography, the ed.pr. would have assigned the papyrus a date in the second half of the 4th c. or in the 5th c. However, this document must have been sent during the lifetime of Theodotos of Laodikeia (who died sometime before 341 CE).
Absolute/relative date	Relative date
Archaeological context	Oxyrhynchus
Accession number	Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana 10664 /  Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana PSI 311 (parallel)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Reference edition
• Blumell, Lincoln H. 2012. “PSI 4.311: Early Evidence for "Arianism" at Oxyrhynchus?” Bulletin of the American Society of Papyrologists (BASP) 49: 277-296.

Editio princeps
• Pasquali, Giorgio. 1917. Papiri Greci e Latini. Volume Quarto. N. 280–445. (PSI 4). Firenze: Enrico Ariani. 43-45, No. 311. Tav. VI.

Additional bibliography
• –––. 2005. “IX. Letters Dated Early or First Half IV. A. With ‘Nomina Sacra’ or Other Decisive Indications of Christian Identity.” Papyri from the Rise of Christianity in Egypt: Draft Conspectus. (PCE.IX.A). Macquarie University. 8, No. 108. [http://www.mq.edu.au/pubstatic/public/download/%3Fid%3D45105&usg=AOvVaw2xqK_R6N3vQdQpC4Mq_iMD]
• Bagnall, Roger S. 1993. Egypt in Late Antiquity. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 306
• Bardy, Gustave. 1925. “La vie chrétienne aux IIIe et IVe siècles d'après les papyrus.” Revue apologétique 41. 643-651, 707-721: 708-709.
• Blumell, Lincoln H. 2011. “Christians on the Move in Late Antique Oxyrhynchus.” In Travel and Religion in Antiquity, edited by Philip A. Harland. Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. 235-254: 246.
• Blumell, Lincoln H. 2012. Lettered Christians: Christians, Letters, and Late Antique Oxyrhynchus. Leiden/Boston: Brill. 139-149, 153-154, 157.
• Blumell, Lincoln H. and Thomas A. Wayment. 2015. Christian Oxyrhynchus: Texts, Documents and Sources. Waco TX: Baylor University Press. 512-523, No. 142.
• Cavassini, Maria Teresa. 1954. “Lettere cristiane nei papiri greci d’Egitto.” Aegyptus 34. 266-282: 269. [listed]
• Choat, Malcolm. 2006. Belief and Cult in Fourth-Century Papyri. Studia Antiqua Australiensia 1. Turnhout: Brepols. 127, 159. [listed]
• DelCogliano, Mark. 2008. “The Eusebian Alliance: The Case of Theodotus of Laodicea,” Zeitschrift für antikes Christentum (ZAC) 12. 250-266: 256n27.
• Epp, Eldon Jay. 1991. “New Testament Papyrus Manuscripts and Letter Carrying in Greco-Roman Times.” In The Future of Christianity: Essays in Honor of Helmut Koester, edited by Birger A. Pearson. Minneapolis: Fortress Press. 35-56: 49-50.
• Epp, Eldon Jay. 2005. "New Testament Papyrus Manuscripts and Letter Carrying in Greco-Roman Times" In Perspectives on New Testament Textual Criticism. Collected Essays, 1962–2004. Supplements to Novum Testamentum. Volume 116. Leiden/Boston: Brill. 383-409: 401.
• Farina, Giulio and Girolamo Vitelli. 1921. “Aggiunte e Correzioni. A Pubblicazioni di Papirologia e Egittologia.” Aegyptus 2. 97-107: 107.
• Ghedini, Giuseppe. 1923. Lettere Cristiane dai Papiri Greci del III e IV Secolo. Milano: Presso l'amministrazione di Aegyptus e la società editrice Vita e Pensiero. 154-158, No. 20.
• Leclercq, Henri. 1929. "Lettres Chrétiennes." In Dictionnaire d'Archéologie chrétienne et de liturgie 8(2), fasc. 90–91, edited by Fernand Cabrol and Henri Leclercq. Paris: Librairie Letouzey & Ané, col. 2683-2885: col. 2790-2791, No. 34.
• Luijendijk, AnneMarie. 2008. Greetings in the Lord. Early Christians and the Oxyrhynchus Papyri. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 81n1.
• Modena, L. Giuseppe. 1938–1939. “Il cristianesimo ad Ossirinco: Papiri letterari e cultura religiosa.” Bulletin de la Société Archéologique d'Alexandrie (BSAA) 10. 295-310: 299.
• Naldini, Mario. 1968. Il Cristianesimo in Egitto. Lettere private nei papiri dei secoli II-IV. Firenze: Le Monnier. 184-187, No. 39.
• Naldini, Mario. 1965. Documenti dell'antichità cristiana. Papiri e pergamene greco-egizie della Raccolta Fiorentina. Firenze: Felice Le Monnier. 36, No. 46. Tav. XXVI.
• O’Callaghan, José. 1975. El Cristianismo Popular en el Antiguo Egipto. Madrid: Ediciones Cristiandad. 98–99.
• van Haelst, Joseph. 1970. “Les sources papyrologiques concernant l’Église en Égypte à l’epoque de Constantin.” In Proceedings of the Twelfth International Congress of Papyrology, Ann Arbor, 13—17 August 1968, edited by Deborah H. Samuel. Toronto: Hakkert. 497-503: 499, 501, No. 27.
• Wessely, Carl. 1924. “Les plus anciens monuments du christianisme II.” Patrologia orientalis 18(3). 389-391, No. G.
• Winter, John Garrett. 1933. Life and Letters in the Papyri. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. 170-171.

Authors

Victoria G. D. Landau, 2023

Suggested citation

Victoria G. D. Landau, 2023, "Artefact ID 1700", 4CARE database - Fourth-Century Christian Archaeological Record of Egypt, https://4care-skos.mf.no/artefacts/1700

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