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4CARE-ARTEFACTS

ARTEFACT IDENTIFIERS

Artefact ID	1541
TM ID	TM 21349
Findspot (DEChriM ID)	76 (Kūm al-Ḫarāba al-Kabīr Ğirza)
Class	Textual
Material	Papyrus
Writing medium	Sheet/roll
Text content	Documentary
Language	Greek
Archive/Dossier	Archive
Description	P. Mich. 3 215 + P. Mich 3 219; SB 3 7251; SB 3 7248a: Letter from Paniskos to his brother Aion This letter is preserved in parts: two top fragments (9.5 x 9 cm), a large bottom fragment (11 x 9 cm), plus a fragment (P. Mich 3 215, 7 x 3.1 cm) found alongside P. Mich. 216, which belongs to the left of the large bottom fragment (first noticed by Schwartz 1968). This yields ~28 lines of text, but the papyrus is strongly damaged overall. Following the greeting, Paniskos uses the phrase θεοῦ θέλον[τος] (God willing), prays παρὰ τῷ κυρίῳ θεῷ for the prosperity of his brother Aion and asks him to tend to his daughter. Choat 2006 outlines how the use of this formula over multiple of Paniskos’ letters must not necessarily indicate his adherence to Christianity; he prays παρὰ τοῖς θεοῖς πᾶσι in P. Mich. 3 214.
Selection criteria	Christian terms/formulas/concepts
Date from	296
Date to	297
Dating criteria	Archival context. P. Mich. 3 215 is dated to the month Pharmouthi. The reference edition places P. Mich. 3 215 and 219 chronologically after P. Mich. 3 214, dating it to 296 CE; see Schwartz 1968 and Thomas 1976 for more on the dating.
Absolute/relative date	Relative date
Archaeological context	Found in Ğirza (modern Philadelphia in the Fayyūm). Purchased by University of Michigan in 1923. Part of the family archive of Paniskos with Ploutogenia, his wife, and Aion, his brother, as well as of Ploutogenia with her mother Heliodora (P. Mich. 3 214-221). Paniskos wrote his letters from Koptos.
Accession number	Ann Arbor, Michigan University, Library P. 1365 a + P. 1368 + P. 2153 a

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Reference edition
• Winter, John Garrett. 1936. Michigan Papyri, Vol. III. Papyri in the University of Michigan Collection. Miscellaneous Papyri, edited by John Garrett Winter. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. 289-291, No. 219.
• Winter, John Garrett. 1936. Michigan Papyri, Vol. III. Papyri in the University of Michigan Collection. Miscellaneous Papyri, edited by John Garrett Winter. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. 280-281, No. 215.

Editio princeps
• Winter, John Garrett. 1927. “The Family Letters of Paniskos.” Journal of Egyptian Archaeology (JEA) 13. 59-74: 66, 70-71, No. 5.

Additional bibliography
• Bilabel, Friedrich. 1927. Sammelband Griechischer Urkunden aus Ägypten. Dritter Band. Zweite Hälfte. Urkunden Nr. 6001 bis 7269. Berlin/Leipzig: De Gruyter. 259: No. 7251.
• Bilabel, Friedrich. 1927. Sammelband Griechischer Urkunden aus Ägypten. Dritter Band. Zweite Hälfte. Urkunden Nr. 6001 bis 7269. Berlin/Leipzig: De Gruyter. 257-258: No. 7248a.
• Heilporn, Paul. 2012. “Des nouvelles de Paniskos.” Bulletin of the American Society of Papyrologists (BASP) 49. 135-137, No. 2.
• Naldini, Mario. 1968. Il Cristianesimo in Egitto. Lettere private nei papiri dei secoli II-IV. Firenze: Le Monnier. 110-111; 118-120, No. 16.
• Schwartz, Jacques. 1968. “Autour du dossier de Paniskos (P. Mich. 214-221).” Aegyptus 48: 110–115.
• Thomas, John David. 1976. “The Date of the Revolt of L. Domitius Domitianus.” Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik (ZPE) 22. 253–279: 266-267.
• Zilliacus, Henrik. 1943. Zur Sprache griechischer Familienbriefe des III. Jahrhunderts n. Chr. (P. Michigan 214-221). Societas Scientiarum Fennica. Commentationes Humanarum litterarum 13(3). Helsinki: Helsingfors. 20-21, No. 5.

Authors

Victoria G. D. Landau, 2023

Suggested citation

Victoria G. D. Landau, 2023, "Artefact ID 1541", 4CARE database - Fourth-Century Christian Archaeological Record of Egypt, https://4care-skos.mf.no/artefacts/1541

Json data

External links

TM 21349 DDbDP (PN) University of Michigan (APIS UM) HGV – P.Mich. III 215 HGV – P.Mich. III 219 PapPal

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